First Conditional

The first conditional is used to talk about real and possible situations in the future. It's a powerful tool in daily conversations, allowing you to discuss what could happen if certain conditions are met.

Structure of First Conditional

The first conditional is formed using the present simple tense in the 'if' clause and the future simple tense (will + base verb) in the main clause. The structure is:

If + present simple, will + base verb

This structure shows that the result (main clause) is directly dependent on the condition (if clause).

Examples with Explanations

1. If it rains, I will stay home.

Here, the condition is "if it rains". The result, "I will stay home", depends on this condition. If the condition is met (it rains), then the result will happen (staying home).

2. If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.

The condition is "if she studies hard". The result is "she will pass the exam". The sentence indicates that passing the exam is a likely outcome if she puts in the effort to study.

3. If they arrive on time, we will start the meeting at 10 AM.

"If they arrive on time" sets the condition. The result, "we will start the meeting at 10 AM", hinges on this punctual arrival.

4. If you call me, I will give you the details.

In this sentence, the condition is "if you call me". The result is "I will give you the details". The action of giving details is dependent on the phone call.

5. If we finish the project early, we will go out to celebrate.

The condition is "if we finish the project early". The result, "we will go out to celebrate", depends on completing the project ahead of time.

Exceptions

While the first conditional is straightforward, there are a few exceptions and variations:

Unless

You can use "unless" instead of "if not". For example, "Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus" means the same as "If you do not hurry, you will miss the bus".

Imperatives

Sometimes, the main clause can use an imperative (command) instead of "will". For example, "If you see John, tell him to call me". This structure is often used for giving instructions based on a condition.

Modal Verbs

Instead of "will", you can use modal verbs like "can", "may", or "might" to express different degrees of possibility or permission. For example, "If it rains, we might cancel the picnic".